Thick juice storage

Pollach, G.; Hein, W.; Rösner, G.: New findings towards solving microbial problems in sugar factories.
Zuckerindustrie 124 (1999) pp. 622-637.

Abstract: This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge on microbiology of beet extraction and thick juice storage, including new measures against micro-organisms. A striking parallelism between nitrite limitation and and acetic acid limitation in full-scale trials in which hop beta acids were used led to laboratory trials, which showed that acetic acid was formed during nitrite formation. Further trials, which are important for pulp ensiling, showed a switch-over from an unwanted butyric acid formation to lactic acid formation on continuous hop beta acids dosage to press water. The authors point to successful trials abroad with full suppression of micro-organisms, because rather high bacterial levels are necessary to run Austrian factories. During the last campaign, the suppression of micro-organisms was improved by new hop products based on alkaline solutions. New investigations on the fate of hop beta acids showed a low carry-over of 25% of hop beta acids from extraction towers to the raw juice. With improved sensitive methods, white sugar samples showed low values of 0.02 mg/kg of hop beta acids.
As to thick juice storage, hop products were not successful as a surface treatment. Thus, treatment with caustic soda solution is recommended instead of a possible formalin application. Independent of the surface, the first positive results were obtained with hop beta acids applications to the bulk of the thick juice as a means of controlling bacterial activity there.

Hein, W.; Pollach, G.; Rösner, G.: Studies on Microbial Activities during Thick Juice Storage.
Zuckerindustrie 127 (2002) pp. 243-257.

Abstract: The paper deals with investigations and measures relating to microbial activities on the thick juice surface, as well as activities in the main bulk during storage. Whilst in the first case yearlong experiences on a technical scale exist, in the second case, results from laboratory and pilot-trials are available.
In recent years it has been possible to store thick juice at the Tulln sugar factory, without the addition of formaldehyde, from January to September. During this time, the surface was protected by layering with NaOH. This was originally carried out by means of chains and floating devices and was was subsequently changed to nozzle spraying. Additional improvements during interim storage, such as pasteurization of the thick juice cooler and surface protection by spraying with NaOH has provided optimum storage conditions in 1999 and 2000. To detect surface microbial activity ethanol determination in the headspace was tested. This was possible via an NIR-probe, provided the activity had reached a certain level.
In a 500 m3 tank, partial success in inhibiting surface activity was achieved by spraying with a mixture of potassium sorbate and hop-beta-acids. Earlier observations from laboratory trilas, that the addition of hop-beta-acids slows down microbiological activities, could be confirmed in pilot scale trials. Addition of 3 mg/kg hop-beta-acids to thick juice at 60 % DS considerably extended the time without invert sugar and acid formation, when compared to a blank. As a consequence of the addition of hop-beta-acids during thick juice storage, their fate in crystallisation was investigated. Trials on a factory scale showed that hop-beta-acids, added in different, sometimes excessive amounts, were recovered almost proportionally with the normal ash components on the surface as well as within the sugar crystals. An addition of 3 mg/kg of hop-beta-acids yielded values of less than 0.1 mg/kg of sugar.
Micro-organisms causing a pH value drop in stored thick juice could be propagated semi-continuously in the laboratory. These are cocci, occurring partilly in clusters, which are able to degrade monosaccarides to lactic acid. As an immediate measure to counteract a pH value drop in the whole storage tank, spraying with NaOH solution having a higher density than thick juice (33 %) was tested.